Reevaluation and novel insights into amino sugar and neutral sugar necromass biomarkers in archaea, bacteria, fungi, and plants

Autor(en)

Erika Salas, Markus Gorfer, Dragana Bandian, Stephanie A Eichorst, Hannes Schmidt, Julia Horak, Simon K-M R Rittmann, Christa Schleper, Barbara Reischl, Thomas Pribasnig, Jan Jansa, Christina Kaiser, Wolfgang Wanek

Abstrakt

Soil microbial necromass is an important contributor to soil organic matter (>50%) and it is largely composed of microbial residues. In soils, fragmented cell wall residues are mostly found in their polysaccharide forms of fungal chitin and bacterial peptidoglycan. Microbial necromass biomarkers, particularly amino sugars (AS) such as glucosamine (GlcN) and muramic acid (MurA) have been used to trace fungal and bacterial residues in soils, and to distinguish carbon (C) found in microbial residues from non-microbial organic C. Neutral sugars (NS), particularly the hexose/pentose ratio, have also been proposed as tracers of plant polysaccharides in soils. In our study, we extended the range of biomarkers to include AS and NS compounds in the biomass of 120 species belonging to archaea, bacteria, fungi, or plants. GlcN was the most common AS found in all taxa, contributing 42-91% to total AS content, while glucose was the most common NS found, contributing 56-79% to total NS. We identified talosaminuronic acid, found in archaeal pseudopeptidoglycan, as a new potential biomarker specific for Euryarchaeota. We compared the variability of these compounds between the different taxonomic groups using multivariate approaches, such as non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and statistically evaluated their biomarker potential via indicator species analysis. Both NMDS and PLS-DA showcased the variability in the AS and NS contents between the different taxonomic groups, highlighting their potential as necromass residue biomarkers and allowing their extension from separating bacterial and fungal necromass to separating microbes from plants. Finally, we estimated new conversion factors where fungal GlcN is converted to fungal C by multiplying by 10 and MurA is converted to bacterial C by multiplying by 54. Conversion factors for talosaminuronic acid and galactosamine are also proposed to allow estimation of archaeal or all-microbial necromass residue C, respectively.

Organisation(en)

Department für Mikrobiologie und Ökosystemforschung, Department für Funktionelle und Evolutionäre Ökologie

Externe Organisation(en)

Austrian Institute of Technology, Czech Academy of Sciences

Journal

Science of the Total Environment

Band

906

Anzahl der Seiten

10

ISSN

0048-9697

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167463

Publikationsdatum

10-2023

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ÖFOS 2012

106026 Ökosystemforschung, 106022 Mikrobiologie

Schlagwörter

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Pollution, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental engineering, Environmental Chemistry

Link zum Portal

https://ucris.univie.ac.at/portal/de/publications/reevaluation-and-novel-insights-into-amino-sugar-and-neutral-sugar-necromass-biomarkers-in-archaea-bacteria-fungi-and-plants(f1079516-ef9d-4be7-8012-42422120a84e).html